QIANDI Science Chemistry Molecule DNA Infinity 925 Silver Ring Adjustable Ring

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Vlassov VV, Laktionov PP, Rykova EY (July 2007). "Extracellular nucleic acids". BioEssays. 29 (7): 654–67. doi: 10.1002/bies.20604. PMID 17563084. S2CID 32463239. Griffith JD, Comeau L, Rosenfield S, Stansel RM, Bianchi A, Moss H, de Lange T (May 1999). "Mammalian telomeres end in a large duplex loop". Cell. 97 (4): 503–14. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.335.2649. doi: 10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80760-6. PMID 10338214. S2CID 721901. a b Alberts B, Johnson A, Lewis J, Raff M, Roberts K, Peter W (2002). Molecular Biology of the Cell (Fourthed.). New York and London: Garland Science. ISBN 0-8153-3218-1. OCLC 145080076. Archived from the original on 1 November 2016. In contrast, other proteins have evolved to bind to particular DNA sequences. The most intensively studied of these are the various transcription factors, which are proteins that regulate transcription. Each transcription factor binds to one particular set of DNA sequences and activates or inhibits the transcription of genes that have these sequences close to their promoters. The transcription factors do this in two ways. Firstly, they can bind the RNA polymerase responsible for transcription, either directly or through other mediator proteins; this locates the polymerase at the promoter and allows it to begin transcription. [125] Alternatively, transcription factors can bind enzymes that modify the histones at the promoter. This changes the accessibility of the DNA template to the polymerase. [126] Chandra M, Sachdeva A, Silverman SK (October 2009). "DNA-catalyzed sequence-specific hydrolysis of DNA". Nature Chemical Biology. 5 (10): 718–20. doi: 10.1038/nchembio.201. PMC 2746877. PMID 19684594.

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